Electronic Medical Records The Internet Of Things Keeps...

Introduction As the Internet of Things keeps on getting features over all commercial ventures, Healthcare has seen a blast of information in the course of the most recent couple of years as more elements get to be innovation empowered through Electronic Medical Records. With the colossal measures of human services information that have ended up accessible in the larger part of social insurance associations, for example, suppliers, payers, pharmaceuticals and outsider merchants; there are interesting chances to influence these wellsprings of data for explanatory understanding. This information can be utilized to pick up bits of knowledge for enhancing nature of consideration and avoiding asset waste. The many-sided quality of these,†¦show more content†¦This late displaying/tying approach gives individuals a chance to pull in organized datasets, alongside unstructured substance, for example, clinical notes and guise, and so on. (Sander, 2012) Then again, by inspecting the scientific use cases and the investigative development of the business at this moment, numerous solicitations from business/operation clients are still dashboards, KPIs and administrative reports, so making the whole process as mechanized as could be allowed is high on business clients list of things to get. In any case, a portion of the main establishments began the voyage to break down both organized and unstructured information to handle their difficulties pivotally. For instance, Mayo Clinic s coordinated effort with United Health Group prompted the production of Optum Labs which has been joined by other driving doctor s facilities, insurance agencies, and worldwide pharmaceutical makers. Mount Sinai School of Medicine began the since a long time ago guaranteed voyage to utilize patients genomic profiles to guide doctors for the most ideal remedial methodologies progressively. In fact, Natural Language Processing in mix with The Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine has been connected to pick up knowledge from unstructured substance, for example, doctor/nursing notes and radiology/pathology results. Call focus notes are handled, alongside a patient s history, to anticipate the probability of crisis room visits and

Urban Decay A New Standard Of Beauty - 1517 Words

Another Vice Urban Decay, not only a makeup line but a new standard of beauty. Well known for their show stopping makeup and worldwide fame, Urban Decay is known for setting themselves to be above and beyond competitors. The literal definition of beauty is; â€Å"the quality of being physically attractive. The qualities in a person or a thing that give pleasure to the senses or the mind.† Urban Decay’s products are the definition of beauty, their products are outstanding and one of a kind, and brings pleasure to those who choose to wear it. Urban Decay is a daring brand and makes it known that they do not want to be considered basic, as demonstrated in their most recent advertisement in cosmopolitan staring Ruby Rose. The advertisement†¦show more content†¦Within the past few years, Ruby Rose has sprung out of nowhere and became famous rather quickly. She is seen as a sex icon in today’s world, she is gorgeous in every aspect. All though she is a lesbian , men still want to be with her and women wish to be here. A common saying amongst women today is â€Å"if I were gay, I would get with Ruby Rose.† Individuals of different genders, races, ages, and sexual preferences, everyone wants a piece of Ruby Rose. She is daring and beautiful person, who is unique just like the brand that she represents in this advertisement. Every aspect of this advertisement screams sexy and daring! But the main focus throughout this advertisement is Ruby Rose’s tattoos, she is covered in them. Urban decay does not even bother covering up her tattoos, they embrace them. Her most prominent tattoo that is being shown says â€Å"The Thorn†, all though a rose is beautiful it will always have its thorns. Ruby Rose has her thorns, which is her daring attitude, it is what is different and sticks out about her. Her beauty is simple but yet daring, just like an actual rose they are beautiful but their thorns make them daring. You associate thorn s with roses just as you associate Ruby Rose with her not giving a shit attitude. The rest of Ruby Rose’s tattoos are somewhat blurred out to where it is hard to see exactly what they are. Urban Decay wants the audience to focus on her â€Å"The Thorn† tattooShow MoreRelated Tourism ] Essay1122 Words   |  5 Pagesinvestment, federal, state in land and a wide range of recreational amenities and facilities. Tourism consists primarily of travel for pleasure purposes. It does not normally involve a large measure of physical exertion, nor does it involve acquisition of new skills. Tourism is oriented to the consumer rather than to the producer, and the economic impact of tourism comes primarily from multiple retail purchases by the tourists in a variety of establishments. The average household spends more on tourism asRead MoreEssay Tourism ]1122 Words   |  5 Pagesinvestment, federal, state in land and a wide range of recreational amenities and facilities. 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Entrepreneurship and Innovation

Question: Discuss about theEntrepreneurship and Innovation. Answer: Critical Evaluation of the Organizational Characteristics Facilitating the Innovation Process Business organizations tend to incorporate ongoing changes in the environment for achieving a competitive advantage and ensuring their sustainability. The article How Startup Culture is Changing Innovation Strategies at Enterprises aims to emphasize on the recent innovation strategies of the organization that places start-up culture as its mainstream idea. This helps the organization to gain knowledge of the innovators outside and thus utilize their skills and competencies in their innovation process. In this context, the present section aims to critically analyze the organizational characteristics of Nestle that facilitates its innovation process (Wilson, 2016). Nestle is recognized as largest food and beverage company around the world and has become a leader in nutrition and health on the basis of its continuous innovation efforts that helps it in delivering high-quality products to the customers (Sustainable Innovation and Renovation, 2010). Decentralized organizational structure of Nestle is largely facilitating it to drive innovation in its products. The Nestle group comprises of about 431 legally independent units that are partly owned and thus have full authority of taking all the operational decisions without gaining approval from the parent company. The company has established a flat and flexible structure with minimal management level and widen span of control to enhance its operational effectiveness. The development of such an organizational structure enables the company to meet instantly the consumer needs by increasing its operational efficiency. The establishment of such a structural framework within the company has proved very beneficial for Nestle to motivate the employees by encouraging their participation in the decision-making process (The Nestl Management and Leadership Principles, 2013). Nestle has also incorporated the use of effective talent management strategies that motivates and inspires its employees to create value for the company. The leaders of the company have developed a work-culture that effectively links the personal commitment level of the employees with the organizational commitment. The business leaders inspired the employees to think from different perspectives and have fostered a work environment that has opened to risk and possibility of making mistakes for continuous learning and development of employees. This ensures the promotion of innovative climate in the company. The company also incorporates latest technologies for driving its innovation cycle and stay ahead of competition. Nestle has established its Silicon Valley innovation outpost in 2013 to gain support from high-tech companies in developing its products and meeting changing customer needs appropriately. The development of such an innovation Centre in Silicon Valley facilitates the comp any to take advantage of latest technologies and engineering practices in manufacturing its products thus driving its innovation (Sustainable Innovation and Renovation, 2010). Strategic Approach to Nestls Innovation Management Nestle has developed a strong corporate culture as is reflected by its mission statement that emphasizes on health, wellness and nutrition of its customers. The company has maintained a strong work culture though people orientation in comparison to its products and systems. The companys culture emphasizes on promoting the employees and customers well-being through developing its shared values and principles (Siegert, 2014). The employees are motivated to work harder through empowering them by the adoption of a decentralized structure. The company aims to create value for its customers by delivering them high-quality products by meeting all the safety standards. The organizational culture also shows respects to the beliefs and customers of people belonging to various diversity and traditions. The company aims to promote integrity in its work culture through strictly adhering to its core values and principles. The development of such a strong work-culture is the main corporate strength of the company that encourages its leaders and employees to drive and sustain a climate of innovation. The leaders and managers of the company promote a work-culture where employees creativity and innovative skills are strongly supported so that they continuously develop unique products with high quality (The Nestl Management and Leadership Principles. 2013). The strategic changes formulated for the company to improve its innovation management are implementing a start-up culture through partnering with a global leader in the same industry, developing innovation contests for generating new idea to support the innovation management and giving proper time for successfully completing the innovation process. In accordance with the article, Nestle is recommended to adopt the strategic change of incorporating a startup culture to strengthen its innovation management. The development of a new startup unit will facilitate the company to approach innovation in new ways by recruiting and selecting innovators that develops unique and high-tech products in accordance with customer needs and requirements. In addition to this, the company can also implement the strategic change of implementing innovation contests for seeking new advices and opinions of young innovators to improve its innovation management. Proper time-management is also necessary for th e company so that each and every step of innovation process gets completed successfully. This requires the company to identify the various tasks and activities involved in the time-management successfully and allocate sufficient time for very task so that all the activities get completed in a sequential manner (Wilson, 2016). Action Plan for Establishing an Innovative Environment in Nestle Strategies Programs Activities Tasks Resource Allocation Establishing a Startup Unit The company can launch its new startup unit by engaging in active partnership with any global leader in the food and beverages industry such as Cadbury that will support its innovation process by rendering support in terms of talented people and latest technological developments. The main activities involved before establishing a new startup unit by the company involves idea-generation that will enable the company to generate new ides regarding the innovative products and services that it can offer through the use of latest technologies. The generation of new ideas can be achieved by the company through the help of brainstorming sessions and launching idea campaigns. Brainstorming session involves gaining the deal of group if people regarding the strategic change that will enable the management people to think more creatively. Idea campaigning can be achieved through incorporating the idea of geographically dispersed team regarding the adoption of the specific strategic change. The main tasks involved in establishing a new startup unit by the company involves modifying its organizational structure, implementing employee training and development program and reforming the business structures and processes. This can be achieved by Nestle through carrying out a proper analysis of the external environment in which it is aiming to conduct its business operations. The external analysis carried out will help the company in modifying its existing business procedures and practices in accordance with new environment. The main resources require are selecting the business location, gaining funds, obtaining permits and licenses, registering with tax authorities. Prizing Innovation Nestle can introduce innovation contests such as that done by Amazon by launching its Start-up challenge. The introduction of such a challenge will enable the company to gain views and opinions of different innovators outside to implement the planned innovation. The contests will be associated with a prize for the best mind that provides most creative solutions for the innovation process. The innovation contest can consist of activities such as design-thinking that will provide a platform for the young innovators to design the best possible creative strategy for the company to innovate in the new environment. The innovators participating in the quiz contest will be motivated to develop the best possible design by rewarding their creativity with prizes. The tasks for the company to introduce an innovation contest consist of designing certain problematic situations that it can encounter at the time of implementing their innovation process. The problematic situations can be then presented to the innovators to seek their help for developing solutions to the problems in context. Funds for launching innovation contests for the purpose of posting its advertisements on mass and digital media to encourage participation of the young entrepreneurs. Making Time for Innovation Nestle need to invest in time for successful innovation. This can be achieved by the company by designing and implementing a time-management strategy. Time-management will help the company to develop a proper framework to carry out the different tasks in their innovation process within a stipulated period of time. The activities for the specific strategic change in the company consist of designing various processes that will help in developing a time-management framework for the company. The different tasks for developing a time-management strategy consists of identifying and prioritizing the different tasks in the innovation process, avoiding multi-tasking, focusing on high-value tasks primarily and visualizing the idea by taking sufficient time before implementing. Allocating adequate time to the group team involved in the innovation process. Recommendations The action plan designed has proposed strategic changes to Nestle for establishing and sustaining an innovative environment in its workplace culture. However, on the basis of its organizational characteristics it can be stated that the company has successfully developed an innovative culture that is responsible for its growth and success worldwide. The company is recommended to implement the strategic changes proposed for sustaining innovation in its work environment. The formulated SPATRes (strategies, programs, activities, tasks and resources allocation has proposed that the company need to implement a start-up culture in its innovate environment. The development of new business unit by Nestle should specially aims to attract and recruit the innovators who have greater demands of working in flexible environment (Wilson, 2016). The innovators can often develop new and unique products and services in accordance with the changing market needs and thus support the entrepreneurial initi atives of the company. Big corporations are emphasizing on startup culture as a part of their innovation strategy such as Nike has partnered with Techstars to start a Fuel Lab. Nestle can also engaged in active partnership with any global leader in the food and beverages industry such as Cadbury that will support its innovation process by rendering support in terms of talented people and latest technological developments. The creation of such a startup unit will provide access to the company to new markets and thus enhance its profitability through improved innovation management. The successful implementation of a start-up culture requires design-thinking by the company through developing innovation contests to generate and acquire new ideas from the talented people across the world. The company must also allocate proper time for its innovation processes to visualize the idea generated to minimize the chances of occurrence of any risk or contingency condition (Wilson, 2016). References Siegert, L. 2014. Sustainable development approaches in the food and beverage industry: A comparison between Nestl SA and Kraft Foods Inc. Anchor Academic Publishing. Sustainable Innovation and Renovation. 2010. [Online]. Available at: https://www.nestle.co.id/eng/randd/sustainableinnovation [Accessed on: 9 September 2016]. The Nestl Management and Leadership Principles. 2013. [Online]. Available at: https://www.nestle.com/asset-library/Documents/Library/Documents/People/Management-Leadership-Principles-EN.pdf [Accessed on: 9 September 2016]. Wilson, G. 2016. How startup culture is changing innovation strategies at enterprises. [Online]. Available at: https://www.enterpriseinnovation.net/article/how-startup-culture-changing-innovation-strategies-enterprises-357546913 [Accessed on: 9 September 2016].

McDonalds Entry into the Chinese Market

Introduction Following the advent of globalization, many companies that previously operated in the local markets have sought to establish businesses in foreign markets. Globalization refers to the process of integrating people with governments and organizations across the globe. One of the major limitations the companies that seek to exploit foreign markets may face is the challenge of linking franchises established in foreign nations to the organizational culture and polices.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on McDonald’s Entry into the Chinese Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, globalization has eased communication partly due to the recent immense development in telephone and internet technologies. This implies that the challenges of expanding markets that were experienced by organizations seeking to take their businesses globally have been incredibly eased. Consequently, the term internationa l firm has become a common terminology in the international business debates. Kottler (2000) described an international organization as the one, which conducts businesses in more than one nation (p.34). However, when making a market entry into new nations, an international organization has to choose appropriate market entry methods because each nation acts as a market segment whose consumption is determined by a variety of factors such as culture, economic, social, and political affiliations among others. These factors are different in every nation. In this context, this paper finds it indispensable to analyze the factors that affect a firm’s decision-making process on the choice of entry modes to the foreign markets coupled with the impacts of the entry modes on business practices and success. The focus is on western nations’ organizations entry into the Asian markets. The paper presents this by considering the case of MacDonald’s entry into the Chinese markets . The paper specifically considers Asia as the one that that has undergone tremendous growth within the last three decades. Consequently, emanating from the economic advantages, western organizations such as MacDonald have considered extending their operations into the Asian regions in a variety of ways. As such, the paper further presents these ways with the aid of a review of the relevant theories on foreign entry modes followed by identification of the mode(s) of entry that MacDonald adopted in China. The case study report also investigates and analyzes the factors contributing to MacDonald’s decision on the choice of the entry mode(s) coupled with evaluation of the advantages gained, as well as the difficulties experienced by MacDonald because of implementing such a mode or modes. Finally, the paper discusses the lessons learned from the firm’s experience on the choice of the entry mode(s). Literature Review Factors influencing a firm’s decision to enter int o new markets Many western firms are currently becoming internationalized. The initial choice of the crucial market entry mode in the foreign market may produce imperative implications on successful entry of a company along with its survival in the international market. Arguably, therefore, the decision on survival mechanisms in the foreign nations is a mega step that a firm has to make before channeling its resources to establish its presence in the foreign nations.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another crucial decision encompasses the entry mode in the international business (Hague Jackson, 2006, p.47). Firms can accomplish entry modes in foreign markets through several ways. Typical examples include licensing, joint ventures, exporting, and franchising among others. However, essential to note is that each of the entry modes possesses some merits and demerits. Hough an d Neuland (2000) conduct an analysis of these market entry modes (p.13). According to the authors, exporting is the easiest mode of selling a firm’s products in foreign markets. It permits an organization to indirectly or directly export. Indirect exporting involves the sale of a firm’s products in the foreign markets through an agent based in the home markets while direct exporting involves a firm that sells its products directly to an importer or a buyer in a foreign market. On the other hand, licensing involves an agreement in which â€Å"a licensor grants the rights to intangible property to another licensee for a specified period† (Hough Neuland, 2000, p.21). In return, the licensor receives a royalty fee from the licensee. Franchising involves entering long relationships in comparison to licensing. In the relationship between the franchisor and franchisee, the franchisor sells critical property, for instance, a trademark to the franchisee. The franchisor also acquires the franchisee’s contractual responsibility to abide by all the rules on its business regulations. Joint ventures constitute business collaboration between two companies based in two or more countries, which share ownership of an enterprise established jointly for the production, and/or distribution of goods and services. Various factors define the relativity of the appropriateness of the chosen entry mode. They are economic and political risks, trade barriers, social risks, and transportation costs among others. Consequently, firms seeking to establish themselves globally need to consider economics and other dynamics of the target nations (Beamish, Morrison Rosenzweig, 2005, p.99). Essentially, it is desirable for globalizing companies to have plausible information about size coupled with rates of growth of the foreign nation’s markets, financial positions, population characteristics, and more importantly, the labour costs. This implies that leaders of firms need to know that the attractiveness of foreign market opportunities is different among different business industries, as well as individual companies (Hibbert, 2005, p.17). Organizations seeking to establish operations in the international business need to do a number of things. According to Hibbert (2005), some of these things include evaluation of international markets business opportunities, conducting analysis to an extent to which a firm may be able to establish potential opportunities for growth in foreign nations making a decision on the appropriate market strategy, innovating marketing strategies, and then conducting standardization of various global operations (p.33).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on McDonald’s Entry into the Chinese Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Financial crisis and strategic decision to capitalize on Asian market Following the global financial crisis, many firm s embarked on seeking to enhance their competiveness for them to survive through the financial crunch. One of the strategies to realize this goal was to look for new markets particularly where an organization may perceive to experience milder effects of economic down time. When the western nations encountered challenges of reduced businesses, the global financial crisis did not even spare the possible alternative place -Asia- where such firms could establish new markets. Indeed, Asian nations encountered the global financial crisis in the late 2008 originating from Europe and the U.S. Consequently, the Asian gross domestic product growth rates immensely fell down. The aftermath was a substantive drop in exports. Additionally, foreign direct investment to Asian countries reduced significantly. However, by August 2009 China and India coupled with other emerging economies in the Asian regions had started to depict some signs of recovery from the global economic crunch. In fact, with re gard to a survey conducted by the Economist magazine, Singapore, China, Korea, and Japan, showed quarter-on-quarter annualized GDP growth of 21%, 15%, 10%, and 0.9% respectively (Ross, 2003, p.9). Even though the accuracy of this data may be debatable, the trend shows that Asian countries were able to recover from the economic crunch much faster as compared to other countries especially those in the west. Deductively, this incredible growth of Asian economies creates mega opportunities for global businesses. This is in sharp contrast to the economies of western countries whose growth remains uncertain. This may explain why global economic activity is shifting to Asia. Globalization theory and capitalization on Asian markets The quest of MacDonald to establish franchises in China closely relates with advantage accruing from globalization because globalization has intensively altered the manner in which firms conduct businesses at the international fronts. In this context, Cooper and Schindler (2008) argue that stemming from technological sophistication and communication coupled with general infrastructural developments, businesses are capacitated to supply and/or distribute goods and services virtually in every geographical location across the globe (p.41). Nevertheless, venturing into international markets is a risky endeavor. This argument arises because firms ought to be prepared and organized strategically to overcome cultural impediments, differences in currency and language barriers coupled with regulatory, and existing legal environments that may be inconsistent with the organizational policies.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, firms that have substantial capital bases among other resources can easily sail through these impediments without having to rely on other external aid. However, those companies that do not have substantial resources to aid them in overcoming the impediments to operations in the international markets, more often than not, have to consider altering their polices to suit particular market. This means that although such companies may be using the same brand name, they are predominantly characterized by non-homogeneity in organizational polices. This makes it possible for them to penetrate international markets. A myriad of reasons explains why organizations may consider diversifying their markets to include global markets. Many researchers contend, â€Å"The emergence of demand potentials in the foreign markets is one of the common reasons† (Hough Neuland, 2000, p.23). Directly congruent with this argument, Hough and Neuland (2000) maintain that sales expansion, acquisi tion of new resources need to minimize risks, depreciation of currencies, and local market saturation account for the internationalization of business (p.39). Arguably, therefore, internationalization of business may incredibly aid in facilitating a business to achieve immense economies of scale. Consumption theory and capitalization on Asian markets The consumption theory holds that when the consumption patterns of the consumer increases on the positive side, many firms would tend to move in and meet the demand created. Such a situation is experienced in China since the nation has a big consumption economy akin to its large population. A strategic decision for western firms to enter this market can make the firms attain large economies of scale. For instance, by the year 2009, McDonald had about 800 outlets already in operation in China. This was an immense success of the company since its entry into the Chinese market from ealry1990’s. The success in the Chinese market reco rded by McDonald had forced other western companies to consider establishing themselves in Asian nations. In particular, the Chinese economy has been growing tremendously within the last two decades of MacDonald’s presence. In this end, Ross (2003) argues that Chinese and Indian economies stand probabilities of accounting for 50 percent of the global domestic product by the year 2030 (p.15). The attractiveness of the Chinese market to western organisation such as MacDonald rests on the shifting demographics, hiking incomes, growing of consumer spending, and the ever-increasing free and fair business environment. In addition to the increase in consumer spending, some other factors such as increased cost of production and dwindled sales in the local home markets among other factors have made American and European firms consider establishing themselves in Asian nations such as China and India (Hill, Cronk Wickramasekera, 2011, p.113). Increased consumption on Asian markets is e xemplified by the case of China where there is an increase in consumer credit. The repercussion is that young people are more likely to buy on credit in comparison with old people. In fact, young people are stronger when it comes to consumer expenditure and credit. Consequently, China is currently hosting several global leading brands among them Adidas, Wal-Mart, Sanofi, Tesco, and others. Methodology This case study report paper deploys secondary data acquired from the existing literature on the international business. An analysis of the data garnered is conducted to develop theories that can explain the entry methods used by international firms to penetrate new markets in foreign nations. These theories can then be linked closely with MacDonald’s strategies for penetration of Chinese market. Consequently, a case study of MacDonald’s strategies of colonization of new international markets is scrutinized in relation to existing theories on international business. The s econdary data utilized in this paper come from sources including scholarly journals, internet, magazines, newspapers, and books. Results The results of the case study indicate that McDonald is a world leading US-based fast food retailer. In the modern day, the company has over 33,000 stores in about 119 countries. The key to this immense expansion of the company rests on the company’s capacity to understand its customers’ need coupled with refinement of its business polices to suit the target market. The foreign market entry mode used by MacDonald is franchising. In the new franchises, the company sells high quality yet affordable products. In the franchise agreement, â€Å"MacDonald grants the right to sell McDonald’s branded products to a prospective franchisee† (Hough Neuland, 2000, p.25). The agreement gives the company the power to decide on the operating methods, marketing, and the quality of their products. McDonald’s owns or leases the est ablishment. The franchisee purchases â€Å"the equipment, fittings, and the right to operate the franchise for 20 years† (Hough Neuland, 2000, p.27). To achieve worldwide homogeneity, all franchisees must use standardized McDonald’s branding. These include their menus, their design layouts, and the administration systems. Analysis and discussions MacDonald was established in Illinois in 1955. According to Cooper and Schindler (2008), McDonald had opened its first outlet outside the US by 1967 (in Canada), and had expanded to Australia, Japan, and Europe by the year 1971 (p.32). Since then the company has experienced tremendous growth, and has extended its operations to many nations including China. One of the success factors of the company is that it has been able to satisfy the Chinese needs for food safety. The strategies for penetration into the Chinese market adopted by MacDonald are valid depending on population characteristics and other market traits. In this en d, markets chosen for expansion by McDonald’s are positively associated with high gross domestic product per capita, population size and distribution, and urbanization (Clode, 2011, p.22). Nevertheless, the company faces competition in China. Consequently, the company’s operation in China makes it is apparent that it conducts studies of changes in markets in an attempt to develop products that meet the needs of consumers. The implication of this strategic decision is that the company takes it within its mandate to develop products that are cost competitive besides looking at the long-term growth possibilities once it has made a new market entry. From the results of the study, it is also evident that the highest percent of McDonald’s restaurants are franchises, this being the market entry mode adopted by the company to get into foreign markets. Therefore, a cute selection of a franchisee is a central concern for the success of McDonald in China. In this end, the company accords various conditions for its potential franchisees. The concerned parties have to agree and settle upon these conditions on a legal contract. The conditions include the following promises: a franchisee would be honest, have business experience in the industry, have successful accomplishments, commitment to the franchisor, and a significant capital base. The results have also indicated that McDonald develops products consistent with the local food tastes of a particular market. This measure helps the company internalize the inferred local knowledge of franchisees into its wider operations (Hill, Cronk, Wickramasekera, 2011, p.62). Akin to the needs to survive in the foreign market having competition, a major survival tactic adopted by MacDonald in China is rebranding its products to meet the anticipations of the target market. For this reason, McDonald launched the Chickileaks campaign in China. The central concern of the campaign was to educate and make sure that Chin ese people rest assured that the products offered by the company are fresh and safe. The campaign also enabled McDonald to establish a competitive edge in the market amid the rooming competitions from KFC and Yum. McDonald encountered consumers in China who had different eating preferences compared to the U.S. consumers. For instance, the Chinese people prefer chicken to beef. This posed a challenge to the company since it entered the Chinese market with the intention of distributing beef products. On the other hand, competitors such as KFC were distributing chicken products. McDonald’s Chickileaks campaign is a key indicator that an organization seeking to establish business internationally needs to ensure that it merges its products and policies with culture, values, beliefs, and traditions of the people inhabiting the new target market. McDonald identified that, in its new market, there was a problem. Strategically, it moved to create a solution to the problem in the new m arket by designing a campaign to address the challenge. Essentially, therefore, MacDonald exemplifies the practical application of the thing that an organization seeking to establish itself in the foreign markets must do. Among these things are evaluation of international markets and innovation of marketing strategies among others. A major concern is on how MacDonald would maintain its success in China. According to Gilroy (2011), this is achievable through maintaining a steadfast focus on consistency, quality, and cautiously trying out other new options (Para.5). Conclusion and Implications Even though while making the strategic decision to establish MacDonald franchise in China may be taken as one of the ample decisions that has resulted to making the company more competitive, various challenges have been encountered. Firstly, China’s market is non-uniform and non-homogeneous. This is attributable to irregularities of economic growth in differing regions of the nation. Cons equently, aggravation of various social, political, and economic differences across different Chinese provinces has been experienced. This truncates into wide variation of consumer spending behavior in different provinces. The argument here is that China is ideally not a single market but a collection of a myriad of submarkets. These submarkets have distinct cultural, political, social, demographic, and economic characteristics. Any company seeking entry into the Chinese markets must take into consideration all these factors and orient their policies to suit the dynamics of the Chinese markets. The implication of this concern is that organizations need to choose an entry mode that exposes them to a minimal risk. This is necessary for internationalizing companies to maximize profits coupled with long-term growth. Internationalizing companies need to take advantage of various available opportunities through integration of a myriad of market strategies. The implication of this recommen dation is that decisions made by companies in matters of entering any market need to factor in the characteristics of nations in which they seek to establish business. This is critical to enable a company to determine the scale of investment in the new market. Therefore, new markets entry modes decisions need to be made from the basis of well-researched markets conducted within the countries of interest. This implies that the political and economic instabilities of the past and the possibility of more problems in the same nation or surrounding nations need to be taken into consideration. Additionally, market forces have an effect on the growth of the company’s markets and economy, and hence disposable income of potential customers. The implication is that by internationalizing firms one needs to make subtle market entry decision during their first entry into the foreign nations’ markets. Reference List Beamish, W., Morrison, A., Rosenzweig, M. (2005). International Ma nagement: Text and Cases (3rd ed.). Chicago: Irwin. Clode, J. (2011). McDonald’s Exposes ‘Chickileaks’ in China. Global News, 1(1), 22. Cooper, R., Schindler, S. (2008). Business Research Methods (6th ed.) Singapore: Irwin/Mcgraw. Gilroy, D. (2011). McDonald’s China: ‘Chickileaks’ the Truth about McChicken. ChinaSmack. Retrieved from https://advertising.chinasmack.com/2011/mcdonalds-china-chickileaks-the-truth-about-chicken.html. Hague, P., Jackson, P. (2006). A guide to planning, methodology and evaluation: Market Research. London: Kogan Page. Hibbert, P. (2005). International Business. Strategy and Operations. London: Macmillan Press. Hill, C., Cronk, T., Wickramasekera, R. (2011). Global Business Today: Asia Pacific. Sydney: McGraw Hill Australia Pty Ltd. Hough, J., Neuland, W. (2000). Global Business. Environments and Strategies Managing for Global Competitive Advantage. Cape Town: Oxford. Kottler, P. (2000). Marketing Management: The Millennium Edition. New Jersey, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Ross, B. (2003). Market entry methods for western firms in China, Asia Pacific. Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 15(4), 3–18. This report on McDonald’s Entry into the Chinese Market was written and submitted by user Lily Benjamin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Double-Helix Structure of DNA

Double-Helix Structure of DNA In biology, double helix is a term used to describe the structure of DNA. A DNA double helix consists of two spiral chains of deoxyribonucleic acid. The shape is similar to that of a spiral staircase. DNA is a nucleic acid composed of nitrogenous bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine), a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), and  phosphate molecules. The nucleotide bases of DNA represent the stair steps of the staircase, and the deoxyribose and phosphate molecules form the sides of the staircase. Why Is DNA Twisted? DNA is coiled into chromosomes and tightly packed in the nucleus of our cells. The twisting aspect of DNA is a result of interactions between the molecules that make up DNA and water. The nitrogenous bases that comprise the steps of the twisted staircase are held together by hydrogen bonds. Adenine is bonded with thymine (A-T) and guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C). These nitrogenous bases are hydrophobic, meaning that they lack an affinity for water. Since the cell cytoplasm and cytosol contain water-based liquids, the nitrogenous bases want to avoid contact with cell fluids. The sugar and phosphate molecules that form the sugar-phosphate backbone of the molecule are hydrophilic, which means they are water-loving and have an affinity for water. DNA is arranged such that the phosphate and the sugar backbone are on the outside and in contact with fluid, while the nitrogenous bases are in the inner portion of the molecule. In order to further prevent the nitrogenous bases from coming into contact with cell fluid, the molecule twists to reduce space between the nitrogenous bases and the phosphate and sugar strands. The fact that the two DNA strands that form the double helix are anti-parallel helps to twist the molecule as well. Anti-parallel means that the DNA strands run in opposite directions, ensuring that the strands fit tightly together. This reduces the potential for fluid to seep between the bases. DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis The double-helix shape allows for DNA replication and protein synthesis to occur. In these processes, the twisted DNA unwinds and opens to allow a copy of the DNA to be made. In DNA replication, the double helix unwinds and each separated strand is used to synthesize a new strand. As the new strands form, bases are paired together until two double-helix DNA molecules are formed from a single double-helix DNA molecule. DNA replication is required for the processes of mitosis and meiosis to occur. In protein synthesis, the DNA molecule is transcribed to produce an RNA version of the DNA code known as messenger RNA (mRNA). The messenger RNA molecule is then translated to produce proteins. In order for DNA transcription to take place, the DNA double helix must unwind and allow an enzyme called RNA polymerase to transcribe the DNA. RNA is also a nucleic acid but contains the base uracil instead of thymine. In transcription, guanine pairs with cytosine and adenine pairs with uracil to form the RNA transcript. After transcription, the DNA closes and twists back to its original state. DNA Structure Discovery Dr. Francis Crick and dr. James Watson at a molecular biology symposium. Ted Spiegel  / Contributor  / Getty Images Credit for the discovery of the double-helical structure of DNA has been given to James Watson and Francis Crick, awarded a Nobel Prize for their work. Determining the structure of DNA was based in part on the work of many other scientists, including Rosalind Franklin. Franklin and Maurice Wilkins used X-ray diffraction to ascertain clues about the structure of DNA. The X-ray diffraction photo of DNA taken by Franklin, named photograph 51, showed that DNA crystals form an X shape on X-ray film. Molecules with a helical shape have this type of X-shape pattern. Using evidence from Franklins X-ray diffraction study, Watson and Crick revised their earlier proposed triple-helix DNA model to a double-helix model for DNA. Evidence discovered by biochemist Erwin Chargoff helped Watson and Crick discover base-pairing in DNA. Chargoff demonstrated that the concentrations of adenine in DNA are equal to that of thymine, and concentrations of cytosine are equal to guanine. With this information, Watson and Crick were able to determine that the bonding of adenine to thymine (A-T) and cytosine to guanine (C-G) form the steps of the twisted-staircase shape of DNA. The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the sides of the staircase. Source: The Discovery of the Molecular Structure of DNA- The Double Helix. Nobelprize.org, Nobel Media AB, 2014, www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/dna_double_helix/readmore.html.

Ethnic Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethnic Diversity - Essay Example The growth minority health care professionals, however, is slowed down by a number of barriers including racism, discrimination, and lack of commitment to changing situation. Racism and prejudice is the root cause and the most evident reality of a certain barrier to increasing the number of minority health care professionals, particularly among non-White females. Patient and co-workers still associate the nursing image to those of White, middle-aged woman. According to the study of Douglas et al., standards integrating social justice will facilitate culturally-competent care among nurses and address racial and ethnic inequalities. This is because the social justice principle is grounded on the belief of fair and equal rights regardless of differences in ethnicity and demographics. Nursing schools must equip students with cultural competence and must still in mind about social justice. The image of a nurse as a White, middle-aged woman must be gradually changed to ethnically-diverse, competent nurse to cope with the increasing need of the healthy population. In a span of time, the United States’ population will soon have a diverse set of the population; thus, we need diverse, culturally-competent nurse to holistically address the needs of this population. Meanwhile, all of this vision of ethnically-diverse, competent nurse will not become a reality if policies for ensuring implementation will not be integrated into legislation – both in the preparatory schools for nursing and in the workforce settings.

Walmart in Mexico Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Walmart in Mexico - Essay Example The barriers to inclusive workplace in first level include discrimination, prejudice, and perception of threats to job security. One of the barriers to an inclusive workplace for Walmart in Mexico is possible discrimination that may occur on the basis of age, race, national origin, gender, disability and pregnancy. There are concerns on whether Walmart will foster the provision of equal opportunities to women and minority groups who mainly speak Spanish language. Discrimination leads to unfair terms and conditions of employment since training opportunities, promotions and compensation. Accordingly, discrimination will lead to unfair dismissals and retrenchment of workers at the company. Walmart workplace policies require some employees to work for longer hours thus creating perceptions of discrimination. Furthermore, the company is faced with instance of sexual harassment and unfair victimization and this may hinder inclusion and diversity. Walmart must address discrimination through providing equal employment opportunities in all matters of employment such as training, promotion and dismissals. The company should link the pay to performance evaluation and ensure the minority groups have access to training in order to improve their chances of career progression with the company. The company should provide the necessary facilities and equipment for the workers with disability and avoid stereotypes. The management should train all subordinates on the importance of avoiding sexual harassment or victimization that may hinder inclusive workplace. The human resource managers must encourage reporting of discriminatory complaints by the employees. Implementation of anti-discriminatory workplace policies will promote inclusion and diversity at the workplace. The individual employees will benefit from access to career advancement and promotion opportunities that will ultimately translate to increased income